I was the sysadmin for the grad student computer room at UNM physics. It was mostly DOS/WIN machines that could telnet into our Unix systems.
I regretfully remembered seeing a Usenet group about the WWW protocol and thought this was really neat, but too bad they didn't have the bandwidth. So, I didn't really follow it. Then they came up with caching and it just worked. My mistake.
Started off with lynx. I'd been using gopher for a bit. Mosaic was released for Windows and that was when things really took off for graphical browsing.
I also followed a large number of Usenet groups at the time.

But not all that much. These are apparently chips for multilayer stacks that can measure the performance of MEMS and sensors stacked on them during development. Here's a link to a news release on the NIST website:

https://www.nist.gov/news-even...

Use "JIFs" instead.

But I'm allergic to peanut butter, you insensitive clod!

This is completely not surprising to me.

Evolve makes it sound like these are new mutations. Not usually. They just are present in a very small percentage of a given group of microbes. Nature keeps around a lot of potentially useful things in genomes by having them only present in fairly rare individuals of the species. That way, the cost of keeping them around is low in terms of genome space and energy to replicate them/produce the relevant proteins.

Bacteria use a trick called horizontal gene transfer to quickly spread things that turn out to be useful (example: antibiotic resistance) to much of the population and even to other microbe species.

As to the universality of bugs being able to in time to find a way to break down almost anything, look at the work of, for example, Terry Hazen at DOE and the University of Tennessee on using bacteria in hazardous waste site cleanup.

Nope. Among the ones who regularly use "bugs" to refer to microbes are the biochemists and microbiologists. (I work in a university department filled with them.)

Never fear, you're being suitably geeky using bugs.

"Are they calling it "Retinax"?"

But I'm allergic to Retinax, you insensitive clod!

I'm at a university, so I see this all the time. Many of the research instruments I work on were gotten from specifically written grants and it's nearly impossible to get a grant to replace it unless the new machine enables new capabilities. The grants process is often so competitive that just keeping your research happening isn't enough. You have to justify it with new capabilities and providing service to other research groups. That's a tall order, even when it's a machine that's crucial to your work.

And when the actual machine is still functional, save for being wedded hip and thigh to an old computer (due to legacy cards and software) it seems awfully wasteful to have to replace it.

I feel your pain daily.

I work at a university repairing lab equipment and instruments. I still have a few that I work on that are using embedded or standalone computers running DOS. Win 2k still lives on here and XP is very common for them. Like you, we keep them off the network, Far too often, the attitude of manufacturers toward older instruments is "buy our new model" rather than do any upgrades in software so that it can run on newer computers. Never mind that a replacement would cost a half million in many cases and the current one works fine save for being on an outdated computer.

"Open-shell doesn't play nice yet."

Yet another reason not to move to Windows 11 any time soon.
I'm sometimes forced to use Win 10 or 8. Open-Shell makes it much better, IMHO.

Battle speed, hortator.

Battle speed!

Santorini:

They codenamed it after a Mediterranean volcanic island that blew itself to hell in the biggest explosive eruption in that part of the world going back ten thousand years or so.

Very reassuring, Microsoft.

This has to be our version of Anthrax Leprosy Pi.

"what git traditionally calls "master" is "trunk"."

You insensitive clod. The elephants will get you for that.

I'm another Plato-ite. I was on the CERL system. Champaign-Urbana where the University of Illinois was had a whole social underground clustered around Plato. I knew people who went on to work for Novanet and some of the other companies that wrote training software for both private companies and the government.

My one notable thing was that at one time I was one of the only people to have a Plato terminal in my bedroom linked to CERL over a cable television network. It was the late 80s and the Plato staff and some of the professors who used it heavily were trying to keep it from going obsolete. They wanted it to be available to a wider public via cable systems. I was a technician for a cable system for a large apartment complex, and being an old Playtoy veteran, was a natural for being a testbed and could do the maintenance on it as well.

I wasn't so much of a gamer, I mostly followed oodles of notesfiles. I've still got a cyber1 login as well.

Anthrax Leprosy Mu.