So, way, way back in the day, the Air Force (might have still been the Army Air Force - that's how old this anecdote is) decided to standardize cockpits. Making them highly adjustable is a huge pain in the ass, and very expensive.
So, they brought in thousands of volunteers for measurement. They measured torso lengths, the lengths of shinbones, the lengths of upper arms, the lengths of fingers, etc. Virtually every body part that had a length was measured.
They compiled tables of statistics for all of these data sets. As expected, each measurement had approximately a normal distribution - a bell curve. The plan was to build a cockpit with minimal adjustment that was still able to fit the vast majority of people in the wide middles of these bell curves.
Punchline: Their new cockpit didn't fit anyone.
That's an exaggeration, of course. It fit a few people. But not many, and certainly not the majority of pilot applicants like they hoped it would.
It turns out that even though almost everyone is basically normal in most measurements, almost everyone is also highly abnormal in at least a few measurements. You have stubby fingers. Joe has unusually long thigs. Bob has short forearms.
The moral of the story - and the way it ties in to the article - is that if you have enough dimensions, it is very normal for everyone to be abnormal in some way.
I think this cockpit thing is urban legend. You are describing the analysis done by Gilbert S Daniels in December 1952 for the Air Force report "Anthropometry of Flying Personnel" report of September 1954. If you read the report they are talking about the new Air Force skin-tight garment being worn to counteract the physiological stresses of modern jet aircraft. It being about clothing makes sense when you look at the 10 measurements Gilbert Daniels surveyed: height, chest circumference, sleeve length, crotch height, torso circumference, hip circumference, neck circumference, waist circumference, thigh circumference, crotch length.
See: Anthropometry of flying personnel: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/p...
and "The Average Man?" https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/cita...