Reading your response, the reason I characterized it as semantic is that it seems like what I'm chasing is terminology for two kinds of things, but using the single word, "intelligence". I would like to offer that I am not trying to twist it, but to explore the meaning and my understanding. There are two concepts I'm balancing here:
1. The capacity for learning which is maybe expressive of intelligence. An LLM can acquire knowledge during its context window as can a person with retrograde amnesia. In a sense they both have a context window.
2. The further ability beyond (1) to also persist learning in a lossy or lossless way such that it's possible to "get smarter" over some "lifetime".
I suppose one could go back and argue that, for an LLM, the "lifetime" is the context window, and so (2) still applies. For me, (2) is representative of my desire for a grouping that contains things like a dog or a human (operating without disability), or an AGI from science fiction. Maybe it's okay to use the word "intelligent" for (1)! But if we do that, then what do we use for (2)?